•Marbury v. Madison-It established the courts ability to rule if something was constitutional.This basically means it established judicial review.
•McCulloch v. Maryland-Article I Section 8 Clause 18 (the elastic clause) Congress can do what is "necessary and proper" in the carrying out of the other listed powers given in Article I Section 8. It also brought around the supremacy clause.
•Plessy v. Ferguson-Helped rule on separate but equal and also segregation down in the South.
•Brown v. Board of Education-Showed that while schools may be separate as in Plessy v. Ferguson they are not always equal.This sparked civil rights movement around the U.S.A.
•Gitlow v. New York-Helped establish the exclusionary rule, and to also expand the freedom of speech and the freedom of press to the states.
•Mapp v. Ohio-Showed that state courts are held at the same standard as the federal courts when evidence has been illegally obtained without a search warrant.
•Gideon v. Wainwright-In this case they said that any person has the right to an attorney to defend them in their case.
•Miranda v. Arizona-This case is the reason for the Miranda rights that any person who is being arrested has been read their rights.(ex.right to remain silent anything they say can and will be used against them in the court of law)
•Regents of University of California v. Bakke-This was important because it showed affirmative action in the case, and that the school can admit certain races to maintain diversity in classes.
•Roe v. Wade-This was an important case because it dealt with the right to privacy and abortion.Although some people may not agree with abortions a woman can have one because it is her right to privacy.
Saturday, April 30, 2011
vocab for ap test review
•Apportionment- distribution of representatives among the states based on the population of each state.
•Politics- method of maintaining, managing, and gaining control of government.
•Elastic Clause- the necessary and proper clause, article 1, section 8, clause 18 that allows Congress to pass laws to carry out it's powers.
General election- voters choose officeholder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents.
Direct primary- party members vote to nominate their candidate for the general election.
•Extradition- states may return fugitives to a state from which they have fled to avoid criminal prosecution at the request of the states governor.
•Amicus curiae brief- friend of the court; interested groups may be invited to file legal beside supporting or rejecting arguments of the case.
•Watergate- break-in at the democratic national committee headquarters at the watergate building in 1972 that resulted in a cover-up and the subsequent resignation of president Nixon.
•Majority leader- the elected leader of the party with the most seats in the house of reps or senate.
•Off-year election- an election taking place in a year when no presidential elections are occurring; midterm election.
•Gridlock- when opposing parties and interests often block each others proposals, creating a political stalemate or inaction between the executive and legislative branches of government.
•Legislative veto- to reject the actions of the president or executive agency by a vote of one or both houses of congress without the consent of the president; ruled unconstitutional by the supreme court on immigration and naturalized services v. Chadha.
•Impoundment- refusal of the president to spend money congress has appropriated.
Front- loading- choosing an early date to hold the primary election.
•Marbury v. Madison- established the principle of judicial review.
•Initiative- allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit I for a vote by qualified voters.
•Initiative- allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit it for a vote by qualified voters.
•Political ideology- a consistent set of beliefs about politics and public policy that sets the framework for evaluating government and public policy.
•Limited government- basic principle of US government cannot take away.
•Media event- a speech or photo opportunity staged to give a politicians view on an issue.
•Discretionary spending- spending set by the government through appropriations bills, including operating expenses and salaries of government employees.
•Popular sovereignty- basic principle of US government which holds that he people are the source of al governmental power.
•Democracy- a system whereby the people rule either directly or by elected representation.
•Politics- method of maintaining, managing, and gaining control of government.
•Elastic Clause- the necessary and proper clause, article 1, section 8, clause 18 that allows Congress to pass laws to carry out it's powers.
General election- voters choose officeholder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents.
Direct primary- party members vote to nominate their candidate for the general election.
•Extradition- states may return fugitives to a state from which they have fled to avoid criminal prosecution at the request of the states governor.
•Amicus curiae brief- friend of the court; interested groups may be invited to file legal beside supporting or rejecting arguments of the case.
•Watergate- break-in at the democratic national committee headquarters at the watergate building in 1972 that resulted in a cover-up and the subsequent resignation of president Nixon.
•Majority leader- the elected leader of the party with the most seats in the house of reps or senate.
•Off-year election- an election taking place in a year when no presidential elections are occurring; midterm election.
•Gridlock- when opposing parties and interests often block each others proposals, creating a political stalemate or inaction between the executive and legislative branches of government.
•Legislative veto- to reject the actions of the president or executive agency by a vote of one or both houses of congress without the consent of the president; ruled unconstitutional by the supreme court on immigration and naturalized services v. Chadha.
•Impoundment- refusal of the president to spend money congress has appropriated.
Front- loading- choosing an early date to hold the primary election.
•Marbury v. Madison- established the principle of judicial review.
•Initiative- allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit I for a vote by qualified voters.
•Initiative- allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit it for a vote by qualified voters.
•Political ideology- a consistent set of beliefs about politics and public policy that sets the framework for evaluating government and public policy.
•Limited government- basic principle of US government cannot take away.
•Media event- a speech or photo opportunity staged to give a politicians view on an issue.
•Discretionary spending- spending set by the government through appropriations bills, including operating expenses and salaries of government employees.
•Popular sovereignty- basic principle of US government which holds that he people are the source of al governmental power.
•Democracy- a system whereby the people rule either directly or by elected representation.
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