•Marbury v. Madison-It established the courts ability to rule if something was constitutional.This basically means it established judicial review.
•McCulloch v. Maryland-Article I Section 8 Clause 18 (the elastic clause) Congress can do what is "necessary and proper" in the carrying out of the other listed powers given in Article I Section 8. It also brought around the supremacy clause.
•Plessy v. Ferguson-Helped rule on separate but equal and also segregation down in the South.
•Brown v. Board of Education-Showed that while schools may be separate as in Plessy v. Ferguson they are not always equal.This sparked civil rights movement around the U.S.A.
•Gitlow v. New York-Helped establish the exclusionary rule, and to also expand the freedom of speech and the freedom of press to the states.
•Mapp v. Ohio-Showed that state courts are held at the same standard as the federal courts when evidence has been illegally obtained without a search warrant.
•Gideon v. Wainwright-In this case they said that any person has the right to an attorney to defend them in their case.
•Miranda v. Arizona-This case is the reason for the Miranda rights that any person who is being arrested has been read their rights.(ex.right to remain silent anything they say can and will be used against them in the court of law)
•Regents of University of California v. Bakke-This was important because it showed affirmative action in the case, and that the school can admit certain races to maintain diversity in classes.
•Roe v. Wade-This was an important case because it dealt with the right to privacy and abortion.Although some people may not agree with abortions a woman can have one because it is her right to privacy.
Saturday, April 30, 2011
vocab for ap test review
•Apportionment- distribution of representatives among the states based on the population of each state.
•Politics- method of maintaining, managing, and gaining control of government.
•Elastic Clause- the necessary and proper clause, article 1, section 8, clause 18 that allows Congress to pass laws to carry out it's powers.
General election- voters choose officeholder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents.
Direct primary- party members vote to nominate their candidate for the general election.
•Extradition- states may return fugitives to a state from which they have fled to avoid criminal prosecution at the request of the states governor.
•Amicus curiae brief- friend of the court; interested groups may be invited to file legal beside supporting or rejecting arguments of the case.
•Watergate- break-in at the democratic national committee headquarters at the watergate building in 1972 that resulted in a cover-up and the subsequent resignation of president Nixon.
•Majority leader- the elected leader of the party with the most seats in the house of reps or senate.
•Off-year election- an election taking place in a year when no presidential elections are occurring; midterm election.
•Gridlock- when opposing parties and interests often block each others proposals, creating a political stalemate or inaction between the executive and legislative branches of government.
•Legislative veto- to reject the actions of the president or executive agency by a vote of one or both houses of congress without the consent of the president; ruled unconstitutional by the supreme court on immigration and naturalized services v. Chadha.
•Impoundment- refusal of the president to spend money congress has appropriated.
Front- loading- choosing an early date to hold the primary election.
•Marbury v. Madison- established the principle of judicial review.
•Initiative- allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit I for a vote by qualified voters.
•Initiative- allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit it for a vote by qualified voters.
•Political ideology- a consistent set of beliefs about politics and public policy that sets the framework for evaluating government and public policy.
•Limited government- basic principle of US government cannot take away.
•Media event- a speech or photo opportunity staged to give a politicians view on an issue.
•Discretionary spending- spending set by the government through appropriations bills, including operating expenses and salaries of government employees.
•Popular sovereignty- basic principle of US government which holds that he people are the source of al governmental power.
•Democracy- a system whereby the people rule either directly or by elected representation.
•Politics- method of maintaining, managing, and gaining control of government.
•Elastic Clause- the necessary and proper clause, article 1, section 8, clause 18 that allows Congress to pass laws to carry out it's powers.
General election- voters choose officeholder from among all the candidates nominated by political parties or running as independents.
Direct primary- party members vote to nominate their candidate for the general election.
•Extradition- states may return fugitives to a state from which they have fled to avoid criminal prosecution at the request of the states governor.
•Amicus curiae brief- friend of the court; interested groups may be invited to file legal beside supporting or rejecting arguments of the case.
•Watergate- break-in at the democratic national committee headquarters at the watergate building in 1972 that resulted in a cover-up and the subsequent resignation of president Nixon.
•Majority leader- the elected leader of the party with the most seats in the house of reps or senate.
•Off-year election- an election taking place in a year when no presidential elections are occurring; midterm election.
•Gridlock- when opposing parties and interests often block each others proposals, creating a political stalemate or inaction between the executive and legislative branches of government.
•Legislative veto- to reject the actions of the president or executive agency by a vote of one or both houses of congress without the consent of the president; ruled unconstitutional by the supreme court on immigration and naturalized services v. Chadha.
•Impoundment- refusal of the president to spend money congress has appropriated.
Front- loading- choosing an early date to hold the primary election.
•Marbury v. Madison- established the principle of judicial review.
•Initiative- allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit I for a vote by qualified voters.
•Initiative- allows voters to petition to propose legislation and then submit it for a vote by qualified voters.
•Political ideology- a consistent set of beliefs about politics and public policy that sets the framework for evaluating government and public policy.
•Limited government- basic principle of US government cannot take away.
•Media event- a speech or photo opportunity staged to give a politicians view on an issue.
•Discretionary spending- spending set by the government through appropriations bills, including operating expenses and salaries of government employees.
•Popular sovereignty- basic principle of US government which holds that he people are the source of al governmental power.
•Democracy- a system whereby the people rule either directly or by elected representation.
Tuesday, March 29, 2011
Koran burning
Pastor Terry Jones has a church in Florida.In his church he held a mock trial about to Koran.After this trial the pastor burned a copy of the Koran.Now him doing this has not just angered people in the U.S. but also Afghanistan.There has been riots in Afghanistan because some people feel that Obama should take action and punish Mr.Jones for what he has done.Many people have been killed or hurt very badly.In a way Mr.Jones can not really be punished though because he is protected by the Constitution.In the First Amendment it says all Americans have the freedom of speech.Because of this though it might jeopardize what America is trying to do in Afghanistan.
riot in Afghanistan:
koran burning
riot in Afghanistan:
koran burning
Japan
This month a tragedy occurred in Japan.They had a 8.9 earthquake and a tsunami hit them.Many people have been killed or have lost everything they own.It is a devastating time for them.As if the earthquake and tsunami weren't enough a nuclear plant is also in danger.The tanks that help regulate water to keep the temperature down was in danger of over heating.Four of the buildings that the reactors were in have exploded cause of high temperatures.
America has been helping the Japanese as much as they can.We have helped them by sending the resources that they need such as food and water.One of the main reasons that we are worried about Japan is because of the nuclear plants.If the nuclear plants explode that can be bad.If the reactors aren't kept cool the entire area that the plants are in can become radioactive, and that isn't good for the people in that area.They could become very sick.
reactor plant
links:status of reactor plants
America has been helping the Japanese as much as they can.We have helped them by sending the resources that they need such as food and water.One of the main reasons that we are worried about Japan is because of the nuclear plants.If the nuclear plants explode that can be bad.If the reactors aren't kept cool the entire area that the plants are in can become radioactive, and that isn't good for the people in that area.They could become very sick.
reactor plant
links:status of reactor plants
Sunday, February 27, 2011
Egypt and Tunisia
Egypt and Tunisia have undergone protests in their country because they didn't like their leader.They also didn't like high levels of corruption or poverty in their country.In Egypt the people have no political power,and there is a lot of poverty.Some people have blamed this on their government and that is that they protested.Two reasons why the protests were believed to be started are for the protests in Tunisia and for a man getting beaten to death by police.
There are many reasons why America got involved in the protests in both Tunisia and in Egypt.In Tunisia it was because they are an ally in out fight against Al Queda.The reason why we got involved in Egypts' protests is because they support us in regional priorities and because we also supply their military with the things they need.In the end the protesters got some of what they wanted and the president stepped down.Although they won that part their economy is still in pretty bad shape.While people were protesting banks,train stations, and schools to shut down.It will take them awhile to get their economy back up and running, and in order to do that they will,as a country, have to work together.
source 1
source 2
There are many reasons why America got involved in the protests in both Tunisia and in Egypt.In Tunisia it was because they are an ally in out fight against Al Queda.The reason why we got involved in Egypts' protests is because they support us in regional priorities and because we also supply their military with the things they need.In the end the protesters got some of what they wanted and the president stepped down.Although they won that part their economy is still in pretty bad shape.While people were protesting banks,train stations, and schools to shut down.It will take them awhile to get their economy back up and running, and in order to do that they will,as a country, have to work together.
source 1
source 2
budget cutting amendments
Both democrats and republicans have proposed new budget cuts.The United States spends to much money on somethings and not enough on others.Some members of the house want to cut spending on NASCAR,National Drug Intelligence Center,and Interior Department's Bureau of Land Management.There are some budgets that I think they shouldn't be cutting such as security and military spending.Republicans want to cut spending on things such as coal and the enforcement of some of the Federal communications commission.
Some of the amendments that have went through and have been passed are cutting spending on:
•F-35 Joint Strike Fighter alternative engine program
•National Drug Intelligence Center
•Bureau of Reclamation's water and related resources funding
•Interior Department's Bureau of Land Management
•Environmental Protection Agency's Greenhouse Gas Registry
•National Endowment for the Arts
•Greening the Capitol program
•United States Institute of Peace
•Planned Parenthood
sources:
budget cutting
NY times budget cut
Some of the amendments that have went through and have been passed are cutting spending on:
•F-35 Joint Strike Fighter alternative engine program
•National Drug Intelligence Center
•Bureau of Reclamation's water and related resources funding
•Interior Department's Bureau of Land Management
•Environmental Protection Agency's Greenhouse Gas Registry
•National Endowment for the Arts
•Greening the Capitol program
•United States Institute of Peace
•Planned Parenthood
Visit msnbc.com for breaking news, world news, and news about the economy
sources:
budget cutting
NY times budget cut
Tuesday, February 1, 2011
Tragedy in Arizona
In Arizona a congresswoman and 17 others were shot.It was a terrible thing that happened.Six people are dead and 18 wounded.One of the most horrifying things about this incident perhaps is the death of a 9 year old girl.The little girl was interested in politics so her neighbor took her to see the congresswoman.Some people are still mourning over her death because it is very hard to seize what has happened.People say the shooter did this out or rage.That he did not like what was going on with the politics in the U.S.What ever the reason for this shooting it still takes a hard hit on our country.Everyone thinks that the violence we hear about is only in the news or half way around the world.Truth is we have a lot in the U.S., so we have to take action for that.We can not just sit around and do nothing about it or just read it in the newspaper and shrug it off.
Obama talked about this tragedy in his State of the Union address.He wanted to reminds us that we are all a part of something bigger, and that we are all family in this country.Every little childs' dream can be fulfilled and that as a country we can make that possible.We all just have to believe in it.We have to take responsibility for our actions and do something if we want something in return.
information
Obama
Obama talked about this tragedy in his State of the Union address.He wanted to reminds us that we are all a part of something bigger, and that we are all family in this country.Every little childs' dream can be fulfilled and that as a country we can make that possible.We all just have to believe in it.We have to take responsibility for our actions and do something if we want something in return.
information
Obama
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